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History of the Chinese Americans in Chicago
As of 2010, there are 43,228 Chinese Americans who live in Chicago, 1.6% of the city's population. As of 1995 almost 35,000 Chinese live in Chicago, and 10,000 Chinese Americans live in the area holding the Chinatown. The origins of ethnic Chinese Chicagoans include native-born Chinese as well as immigrants from Mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Southeast Asia, and also racially mixed Chinese. Around 1995 many new immigrants are from agricultural and blue collar working classes and from better educated professional classes.〔Moy, p. (408 ).〕
==History==
In 1869 the first transcontinental railway was completed. By that time the first Chinese arrived in Chicago.〔Chinatown Museum Foundation, p. (9 ).〕 Early immigrants from China to Chicago came from the lower classes and lower middle classes.〔 The earliest immigrants were Cantonese.〔Steffes, Tracy. "(Chinese )." ''Encyclopedia of Chicago''. Retrieved on March 3, 2014.〕 In 1874 the Chinese managed one tea shop and 18 laundry businesses in central Chicago. The 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act passed by the U.S. Congress restricted Chinese immigration and restricted freedom of travel for existing Chinese, forcing those in Chicago to stay put. At that time some Chinese in Chicago were illegal immigrants. The Chinese Inspector of the Department of Labor deported illegal immigrants who were discovered. According to the 1900 U.S. Census, there were 1,462 Chinese in the city. Chiumei Ho and Soo Lon Moy of the Chinatown Museum Foundation wrote that "there must have been others who avoided government notice."〔
Some Chinese immigration began after the Chinese exclusion laws were repealed in 1943. During the 1950s the Chinese population grew from 3,000 to 6,000. Taiwanese and Hong Kong immigrants settled in Chicago in the 1950s and 1960s. After the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, a new wave of immigrants from the mainland came in the 1950s. The Mandarin-speaking people settled throughout Chicago and the suburbs instead of clustering in the Chinatown area. The 1965 Immigration Act further increased Chinese settlement, with a new wave coming from Mainland China.〔
By 1970 there were 12,000 Chinese in Chicago. After the Fall of Saigon in the 1970s, a wave of ethnic Chinese came from southeast Asia. A new Chinatown opened in Uptown during that decade, and many Southeast Asian refugees were attracted to this new Chinatown. According to the 1990 U.S. Census there were over 23,000 Chinese in the city of Chicago. In the 2000 U.S. Census there were almost 74,000 Chinese in Greater Chicago, with 34,000 of them in the City of Chicago.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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